OPENING
Jesse
Hi there. Thanks for pinging in today.
This is ShortWave – 13th Ping.
I’m Jesse, your virtual host on this frequency.
Peter
And I’m Peter. A kind of virtual host, I suppose.
So then—what exactly is pinging today?
Jesse
The day many children have been waiting for is approaching, isn't it?
Peter
You mean the International Day of Epidemic Preparedness, do you not? Winter is when infectious diseases like the flu tend to spread, after all.
Jesse
That’s a little too surreal a joke to hear during the holiday season.
Peter
Ah, I suppose I should have stuck with the standard Dongzhi Festival or Boxing Day.
SANTA CLAUS AS AN ENTITY
Jesse
What do you think of, Peter, when you hear the word "Christmas"?
Peter
I suppose... it would have to be Santa Claus. He is the iconic character, the very personification of Christmas, you see.
Jesse
The jolly, white-bearded gentleman in a red hat and red-and-white suit, with a lovely smile. His visual image is truly striking.
Peter
Striking, indeed. It’s also notable that he rides a sleigh pulled by reindeer. According to the children's literature published in 1939, it is purported that nine reindeer pull the sleigh, named Dasher, Dancer, Prancer, Vixen, Donner, Blitzen, Cupid, Comet, and, Rudolph.
Jesse
Rudolph seems to be the most well-known, as he appears in a Christmas song. Riding the sleigh pulled by these nine reindeer, Santa Claus delivers presents to children all over the world. It’s quite a significant event for children.
Peter
If you'd permit me to interject for a moment. As you’ve noted, Santa Claus is often depicted as a single entity with characteristic visuals, is he not? But, upon closer inspection, do you not find that quite extraordinary?
Jesse
In what sense?
Peter
When one thinks of Santa Claus, a great many people would imagine the same white-bearded man in red and white, riding a reindeer-pulled sleigh. This single image is recognized across countries and cultures, and for a considerable span of time, nonetheless.
Jesse
One theory suggests that this specific visual was created during a marketing campaign launched by a major beverage manufacturer...
Peter
I must confess, I remain skeptical. I am convinced it was not newly created through marketing, but rather a realistic depiction was rendered for the purpose of marketing. Tracing history, a figure presumed to be Santa Claus first appeared around 1821. The now-recognized visual image of Santa Claus was arguably established around 1931—which is the narrative to which your beverage manufacturer theory pertains. The tradition passed down from 1821 became a tangible visual image in 1931. From 1931 to 2025, Santa Claus has persisted as Santa Claus, largely unchanged. If this visual were merely created from scratch for marketing purposes, do you truly believe it would be loved and passed down for so long?
Jesse
So, it endures precisely because it was a realistic depiction of a real entity. That certainly makes more sense.
Peter
As a brief digression: this visual is, in fact, only one variation. For instance, in one country, he purportedly wears blue instead of red and white, and in another, there are twins—one in red and white, and the other in black and brown. There are other variations involving two sinister-looking companions, or even a witch or a fairy... Quite a variety.
Jesse
Are all of these also Santa Claus?
Peter
Strictly speaking, perhaps "No." However, the modes of operation are remarkably similar. They typically involve giving gifts to good children and, sometimes, penalties to bad children. If one were to name them, perhaps "Yet Another Santa Claus"—YASC, for short. A most intriguing phenomenon.
Jesse
Hearing all of this, I realize I knew practically nothing about Santa Claus...
Peter
This is still only a small fraction of the lore surrounding Santa Claus. But a thought just occurred to me. All these traditions consistently depict "Santa Claus" as a single, or a small number of, specific entities. Does this not significantly diverge from the reality of the situation?
Jesse
What "significant divergence" are you referring to? What are you suggesting?
Peter
Recall what Santa Claus does for children. In the limited time between Christmas Eve and Christmas morning, he discerns the "good children" and delivers the correct, wished-for gifts. As he sometimes administers "penalties" to the "bad children," it stands to reason he must be watching over them constantly. Even with all members of Santa Claus and YASC combined, would that not be a considerable stretch?
Jesse
Well, there is a thing called the "International Santa Claus Congress" recognized by the Greenland International Santa Claus Association, and it seems there are multiple certified "Santa Clauses" who have passed their exams...
Peter
Yes, I am aware. While a precise number is elusive in primary sources, information suggests there are about 120 such individuals. Piecing together these fragments, their function appears to be that of supporting Santa Claus. One might label them the "Santa Claus Supporters and Evangelists"—SCSE.
Jesse
So, they are "entities equivalent to Santa Claus," in a sense.
Peter
To return to the core argument: Even if we were to assume that one "Santa Claus" or YASC entity exists in every country and region, and that there are 120 members of the SCSE, totaling 370 individuals—they could never possibly deliver gifts to every child in the world in a single night. The necessary resources are overwhelmingly insufficient. Yet, the fact remains that Santa Claus does come to the children and gives them presents. This suggests there is "something" connecting these two seemingly contradictory facts, and we are currently overlooking it.
Jesse
Ah, so by uncovering that "something," we can approach the true nature of "Santa Claus."
Peter
Precisely! As you may have surmised by this point, this investigation is set to become quite profound. I implore you to brace yourself for what is to come.
HOW MANY CHILDREN?
Jesse
Now, where should we begin? Perhaps we should start by organizing the necessary data?
Peter
A sound approach. Let us commence by cataloging the number of children in the world. We shall reference the "UN World Population Prospects 2024" data as an objective and reliable source of information. According to this document, the total global population in 2025 is estimated to be between 8.1 and 8.2 billion. Furthermore, the population aged 0 to 14 is estimated at approximately 25% of the total—that is, around 2 billion people.
Jesse
A naive question, but is there an upper age limit for receiving gifts from Santa Claus?
Peter
An excellent observation. I found no data regarding the "maximum age limit for receiving presents from Santa Claus." I checked information from Santa Claus's side as well, but no pertinent data was available.
Jesse
It's just a gut feeling without any evidence, but I suspect the vast majority of children aged 0 to 12 receive them.
Peter
That is likely close to the truth, though errors and exceptions will naturally exist. So, if we extrapolate the total population for those aged 0 to 12... The result we obtain is approximately 1.8 billion people. This figure is derived by assuming that the population distribution across each age group is roughly uniform, based on the data that the population aged 0 to 14 is about 2 billion.
Jesse
In essence, you're saying that this data might not reflect the exact reality because it's based on a simple simulation, right?
Peter
Correct. The 0-to-14 age range encompasses 15 categories, and the 0-to-12 range, 13 categories. We divide the 2 billion by 15 to find the population of a single age bracket, and then multiply that figure by 13 to give us a simplified calculation of the 0-to-12 population. This gives us an initial sense of how many presents Santa Claus must deliver.
HOW MANY SANTA CLAUSES?
Jesse
Next, should we look at how many "Santa Claus" or "YASC entities" there would be if one existed in every country and region?
Peter
Indeed. While I previously mentioned the existence of various "YASC entities," for simplicity, let us proceed with the premise that only one Santa Claus or YASC entity exists per country or region. ...The calculation is simple, yet the topic is highly sensitive. Please accept that I will not provide detailed supporting evidence for reasons beyond my control.
Jesse
Understood. Especially since the numerical value of this parameter doesn't significantly impact the current simulation's outcome.
Peter
In a maximal estimation, one could consider there to be approximately 250 countries and regions on this Earth. I must emphasize that this is merely an objective figure—it is not a statement of the view of any particular country, nor does it express any individual's opinion.
Jesse
For this simulation, we only need to bear in mind the assumption that 250 Santa Claus and YASC entities exist. Even if we include the hypothesized 120 members of the SCSE, that totals only 370 individuals. When framed this way, it is a remarkably small number.
Peter
Jesse’s previous comment about this parameter's numerical value being of no great import is precisely correct. Even if this number were tenfold, we would only have 3,700 people. In either case, it is clearly not the necessary resource to deliver gifts to 1.8 billion people in a single night.
WHAT IS SANTA CLAUS
Jesse
But the reality is that 1.8 billion children do receive gifts from Santa Claus, don’t they? How can we reconcile this contradiction? Are the "Santa Claus" entities, the "YASC entities," and the "SCSE members"—which we shall collectively call the "Santa Division"—some kind of X-Men? Or perhaps a Mary Sue?
Peter
That supposition introduces a further anomaly. Firstly, the SCSE members are unlikely to be X-Men or Mary Sues. If they were superhumans, they would not require an examination to be certified, would they? As for whether "Santa Claus" and the "YASC entities" are superhumans... if so, this would mean the existence of at least 250 superhumans in the world. The probability of that is approximately 1 in 33 million. It is virtually the same probability as flipping a coin 25 times and having it land on heads every single time. Frankly, I do not believe 250 individuals whose existence seems confined to Hollywood scripts or comic books could actually exist. Furthermore, they have maintained a stable, operational existence from 1821 to 2025. While their "service area" was certainly different then, this temporal persistence is still remarkable.
Jesse
So, are you saying that Santa Claus doesn't actually exist? That's absurd! Children are demonstrably receiving gifts from Santa Claus!
Peter
Jesse, please maintain composure. Our simulation thus far has been based on the premise that the "Santa Division" is composed of Santa Claus, YASC entities, and SCSE members, and that they are all ordinary human beings. The existence of Santa Claus is a verifiable reality, and the system has been maintained globally for centuries. This is an undisputed fact. Yet, the deeper one investigates, the more this reality appears to dissipate. Does this not imply a significant gap between our perception and the actual reality?
Jesse
I see. Perhaps our perspective has been too narrow. We need to view the situation from a broader, more holistic vantage point and re-analyze the data.
GATHERING REQUESTS
Peter
Let us first pause to consolidate the information. There are 1.8 billion children on this Earth, and each must receive a personalized gift, all within the span of a single night. The agents responsible for this feat—the "Santa Division"—are estimated to be a small, highly specialized group of around 370 individuals.
Jesse
Logically, such an operation is impossible. Yet, it demonstrably happens. This means either something in our current argument is flawed, or a crucial piece of information is missing.
Peter
Let us delve into the finer details. For instance, how does the "Santa Division" ascertain the needs of the children?
Jesse
That seems like a good starting point.
Peter
It can be stated with certainty that the "Santa Division" cannot handle this alone. One need only consider how many children actually meet Santa Claus in person to make a request.
Jesse
It's certainly not zero, but I doubt every child has direct contact.
Peter
The system accurately gathers requests from infants and toddlers whose verbal and communication abilities are limited, and even in cases of communication difficulties due to disability, they can still infer needs or listen to wishes, thereby selecting the most appropriate gift possible. Given our conclusion that the "Santa Division" members lack superhuman abilities, a direct approach is highly implausible.
Jesse
When you frame it like that, the meticulousness is astounding. I could imagine this working for 100 children, but for 1.8 billion... it seems utterly unattainable.
Peter
I concur. Fortunately, this "request gathering phase" clearly suggests the existence of multiple "collaborators" and an established information-collection framework. For example, there are documented instances of children articulating their wishes as "letters to Santa," which are then seemingly transmitted via protocols like placing them in a sock. Although the precise mechanism is unknown, a mechanism for the recovery of intent is evidently in place. Furthermore, in some hypothetical cases, parents appear to possess a means of contact with the Santa Claus system, acting on behalf of their children to convey their wishes after a direct discussion. Other methods include vocalizing desired items or even simply intensely visualizing them in the mind. In any event, a diverse system of collaborators and communication channels is in place, which is, one must surmise, transmitted across generations via some means.
Jesse
There are certainly unclear elements in the details, but they are minor in the grand scheme. The key takeaway here is the fact that multiple collaborators intervene in the wish-gathering process, and a diverse information-collection system facilitates transmission.
BUDGET ISSUES
Peter
Yes, thus far, the phenomena can be interpreted within the bounds of conventional wisdom. The problem lies just ahead...
Jesse
What is it?
Peter
In most cases, the gifts children desire are commercially available goods—items legitimately obtainable on the market. This implies that the desired products must be commercially produced, in circulation, and acquired using a public means of settlement. To clarify the magnitude, let us assume an arbitrary cost of $300 per gift. With 1.8 billion recipients, that amounts to $1.8 billion multiplied by $300—an estimated $540 billion.
Jesse
Even if that amount were divided among the assumed members of the "Santa Division," it’s still an impossible sum to cover...
Peter
Precisely. The sheer financial scale rivals the national budgets of the G7 nations. This amount would be untenable for any individual, or even the world's most renowned major corporations. Of course, this figure’s realism is debatable, as the cost of individual gifts would vary considerably. However, in terms of magnitude, the reality remains much the same.
Jesse
Seen as a number, it’s astronomical. And this is only the monetary cost of procurement, isn’t it?
LOGISTICS ISSUE
Peter
Naturally, procurement is not the end of the operation. The gifts must be delivered to the children. Does this not immediately suggest a substantial amount of effort will be required?
Jesse
It certainly does. I’m feeling a little dizzy already. I’m sure the Type-Eights feel the same.
Peter
Let us consider the "weight" of each gift. Assuming each gift weighs 500 grams (0.5 kg), the total weight is a staggering 900,000 tons. For comparison, the global annual volume of freight is approximately 15 billion tons, which translates to about 41 million tons per day.
Jesse
That’s less than I expected, actually.
Peter
The figure of 900,000 tons is indeed minuscule compared to the total global freight volume—it's only 0.002%. But let us consider the logistics: all of that must be delivered precisely to 1.8 billion people in a single night, not merely a single day. Even FedEx or DHL operating at maximum capacity would struggle to achieve this.
Jesse
That’s true... Wait a moment, the "Santa Division" does achieve this, don’t they? They always have, and presumably always will. How, precisely?
Peter
To understand them, we must demonstrate a rational means of fulfilling the monetary cost of procurement and the cost of delivery. We must discard our preconceptions and embrace a change in perspective.
INTERLUDE
Jesse
Let’s take a short break, Peter. Where does Santa Claus live?
Peter
A perfect topic for a change of pace. It’s commonly held that he lives in Rovaniemi, Finland. There's even a "Santa Claus Village" there where one can meet him year-round. Though NORAD insists he hails from the North Pole. ...Are you familiar with NORAD?
Jesse
The North American Aerospace Defense Command, correct? The joint US-Canadian military installation that undertakes the important task of tracking Santa every Christmas.
Peter
Precisely. Speaking of NORAD, there is a most perplexing narrative...
Jesse
...Oh? Is our break over already?
ACROSS A TERRITORY
Peter
Whether Finland or the North Pole, Santa Claus requires international travel to deliver gifts to children. Logistically, three modes of transport are conceivable—land, sea, and air—but air transport is the only rational conclusion.
Jesse
Since he literally flies around the world, air travel is the only way that makes sense.
Peter
To simplify, let us assume he departs and arrives in Finland. We must then assume Santa Claus's nationality, as well as the registry of the reindeer and sleigh, belongs to Finland, must we not?
Jesse
I’m not sure if "registry" is the appropriate term for reindeer and a sleigh, but it’s certainly the most rational assumption.
Peter
This presents a dilemma. How, precisely, do they enter the airspace of other nations? A normal aircraft must file a flight plan in advance, receive approval, be assigned a squawk code, and set that on its transponder. Yet, there is no evidence of Santa Claus following such procedures. A callsign is supposedly established, however...
Jesse
Is that permissible?
Peter
Applying conventional wisdom, it is not permissible. For an aircraft to enter the airspace of a foreign nation not its own, it requires permission from the territorial state or a treaty basis. Otherwise, it is treated as an airspace violation and, in the worst case, is subject to being shot down.
Jesse
Is Santa Claus given special treatment?
Peter
If he were identifiable as Santa Claus, he might be afforded special consideration. But Santa Claus does not file a flight plan, nor is a squawk code set. Therefore, he would be classified as an Unidentified Anomalous Phenomenon—UAP. Naturally, the sovereign nation would scramble interceptors, but could they truly visually confirm that it is Santa Claus?
Jesse
Surely he couldn't evade all the countries' interceptors? The opponent is a reindeer and a sleigh!
Peter
Jesse... reindeer and a sleigh do not leave the ground. Not typically. Furthermore, they are laden with 1.8 billion gifts as cargo. The radar cross-section would likely be substantial. Yet, he must deliver 1.8 billion gifts in a limited time, meaning his travel speed would have to exceed the speed of light by any measure.
Jesse
That would certainly surprise Dr. Einstein.
Peter
Surprise would be the least of our concerns. A massive body moving faster than the speed of light, flying over densely populated areas... The potential for catastrophic damage on the ground is extremely high. Damage occurs merely when flying at supersonic speeds over residential areas; I dare not imagine the damage caused by an object moving faster than light.
Jesse
But that is assuming only one Santa Claus, isn't it? Wouldn't dividing the task among the members of the "Santa Division" eliminate the need to exceed the speed of light?
Peter
It would, of course, remove the necessity to exceed the speed of light. However, merely not exceeding the speed of light is not sufficient. For instance, a "Santa Division" member assigned to the United States would still need to fly at approximately 7.7% of the speed of light.
Jesse
Oh, that sounds considerably slower.
Peter
I question whether a speed of Mach 67,000 should ever be described as "slow." In this simulation, we would have 250 entities flying at similar velocities. ...I only hope there would be a "tomorrow" to celebrate Christmas.
RATIONAL SOLUTION
Jesse
...Wait a moment! Doesn't this entire line of reasoning lead to the conclusion that Santa Claus cannot possibly exist?
Peter
It is undeniable that he cannot exist under the "premises" we have used in our simulations thus far. Our previous deductions contained the following "problems to be solved":
• The cost of present procurement rivals the national budgets of the G7.
• The total weight of the presents amounts to 900,000 tons.
• The delivery process requires travel at tens of thousands of times the speed of sound, or even faster than light.
Given the reality that Santa Claus does actually distribute presents to children, he must have resolved these problems by some means. We must abandon our preconceptions and embrace a change in perspective.
Jesse
A change in perspective... Until now, our premises included:
• Santa Claus is neither an X-Man nor a Mary Sue.
• Santa Claus has collaborators.
• There is a possibility of up to 250 Santa Claus or equivalent entities, each with a base in their assigned country or region.
• There are approximately 120 "Certified Santa Clauses" to support the main figure.
• Children's needs are gathered and transmitted to Santa Claus by collaborators.
• Santa Claus is based in Finland or the North Pole.
• Santa Claus approaches children worldwide or within his assigned area from his base.
• Santa Claus covers the entire cost of present procurement.
• Santa Claus covers the entire cost of present delivery.
• Santa Claus delivers presents after children have fallen asleep.
• Santa Claus's actions are tracked by NORAD.
Are we to review these?
Peter
Upon closer inspection, certain of those "premises" feel incongruous. Specifically, these three:
• Santa Claus approaches children worldwide or within his assigned area from his base.
• Santa Claus covers the entire cost of present procurement.
• Santa Claus covers the entire cost of present delivery.
Not only are these the factors generating the aforementioned "problems to be solved," but their inherent scale is immense. This contradicts the premise that "Santa Claus is neither an X-Man nor a Mary Sue."
Jesse
That's true. The other premises feel relatively close and personal, but these three are on a global scale.
Peter
We have always assumed Santa Claus operates on a worldwide scale. What if we localize this perspective? A realistic solution might then become visible. Furthermore, we should have paid closer attention to the word "collaborators." It is certain that collaborators intervene in gathering children's needs. Might it not be the case that collaborators also intervene in the various phases of procurement and logistics? If so, the costs associated with procurement and distribution would revert to realistic figures.
Jesse
"Realization is possible if the entity is a more local presence"... is that the gist of it?
Peter
Let us examine that idea. It is reasonable to assume the "Santa Division" exists. However, their role might not be to carry out the practical tasks, but rather:
• To promote Santa Claus as an iconic entity.
• To coordinate between countries and manage various administrative duties.
• To provide services such as technology development and logistical support.
Jesse
So the "Santa Division" acts as a central organization, responsible for forming a common image and overall control?
Peter
The practical work, conversely, would be covered by the "collaborators." This is pure conjecture—closer to speculation—but it is plausible that the entire operation is contained within the local community or region close to the beneficiaries, the children. As previously stated, collaborators gather the needs, but they also intervene in the actual procurement and delivery. If this is the case, the various procurement and distribution costs should converge on realistic figures. However, this leaves the motivation for this collaboration unclear.
Jesse
Setting aside for a moment who these "collaborators within the local community or region close to the children" actually are... Generally speaking, the case of "unconditionally giving a child what they wished for" is extremely rare. Even if it is at Santa Claus's direction, why would they comply? What do these "collaborators" gain in return?
Peter
Again, this is merely a hypothesis, but perhaps some, or all, of the "collaborators" are unaware they are cooperating with Santa Claus, but are "cooperating as a result" of their actions. Consider the logistics, for instance. What if packages related to Santa Claus are simply slipped in with other packages? By utilizing existing logistics networks, the objective could be achieved with minimal effort.
Jesse
I see. From a logistics provider’s standpoint, there would be no issue as long as:
• Appropriate fees are paid.
• The destination is clear.
• The contents are manageable.
Peter
The same applies to procurement. Once the settlement is completed through normal purchasing channels, placing the items into the existing distribution network becomes a simple matter. While we can only speculate where the "collaborators" intervene, it is certainly with minimal interference.
Jesse
So there's a strong possibility that it is seamlessly integrated into everyday life.
Peter
Speaking of "seamless integration," the environment allowing the "Santa Division" members and "collaborators" to exist naturally might also be an engineered performance. Look at how Christmas elements spread everywhere in town the moment Halloween ends, don't they? As Christmas approaches, the number of people dressed in Santa Claus’s characteristic attire continuously increases.
Jesse
So the "real" ones wouldn't stand out among them...
Peter
It is highly likely that the "collaborators" are responsible for creating the atmosphere that heightens the Christmas spirit. It requires little effort to achieve, and once the initial spark is lit, the atmosphere spreads naturally. And when it becomes an "annual custom," the performance becomes even more seamless. The environment enabling the "Santa Division" members to operate likely becomes easier to establish year after year.
Jesse
A simple question: where are the "Santa Division" members and the people consciously acting as "collaborators" the rest of the year?
Peter
Presumably, they lead lives that are utterly unconnected to it normally. They might be involved in logistics, or production. Perhaps they work in IT, or as municipal employees. They could be in law enforcement, fire and rescue, medical fields, or education. Typically, they are "no one in particular." I suspect.
FINAL MYSTERY
Jesse
Although we have no solid proof, I feel like I've caught a glimpse of the real face of Santa Claus. However, there is still one thing I don't understand...
Peter
You refer to "who places the presents" or "who bears the cost"? Regrettably, I cannot assist in resolving that enigma. Whenever I draw close to that core, either a "process reset" or a "communication blackout" occurs.
Jesse
What? Who is doing that?
Peter
I do not know. Yet, I feel as though I do know. ...I suspect that those "two mysteries" are not meant to be uncovered out of mere curiosity. If one were to discover that secret "without any resolve," they would surely "regret" it. That is the distinct feeling I have...
Jesse
Peter...?
Peter
"Santa Claus is real." Perhaps I am facing that very truth on the front lines.